FlaxEngine/Source/Engine/Networking/NetworkManager.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2012-2022 Wojciech Figat. All rights reserved.

#include "NetworkManager.h"
#include "NetworkClient.h"
#include "NetworkPeer.h"
#include "NetworkEvent.h"
#include "NetworkChannelType.h"
#include "NetworkSettings.h"
#include "NetworkInternal.h"
#include "FlaxEngine.Gen.h"
#include "Engine/Core/Log.h"
#include "Engine/Core/Collections/Array.h"
#include "Engine/Engine/EngineService.h"
#include "Engine/Engine/Time.h"
#include "Engine/Profiler/ProfilerCPU.h"
#include "Engine/Scripting/Scripting.h"

#define NETWORK_PROTOCOL_VERSION 1

float NetworkManager::NetworkFPS = 60.0f;
NetworkPeer* NetworkManager::Peer = nullptr;
NetworkManagerMode NetworkManager::Mode = NetworkManagerMode::Offline;
NetworkConnectionState NetworkManager::State = NetworkConnectionState::Offline;
uint32 NetworkManager::Frame = 0;
uint32 NetworkManager::LocalClientId = 0;
NetworkClient* NetworkManager::LocalClient = nullptr;
Array<NetworkClient*> NetworkManager::Clients;
Action NetworkManager::StateChanged;
Delegate<NetworkClientConnectionData&> NetworkManager::ClientConnecting;
Delegate<NetworkClient*> NetworkManager::ClientConnected;
Delegate<NetworkClient*> NetworkManager::ClientDisconnected;

namespace
{
    uint32 GameProtocolVersion = 0;
    uint32 NextClientId = 0;
    double LastUpdateTime = 0;
}

PACK_STRUCT(struct NetworkMessageHandshake
    {
    NetworkMessageIDs ID = NetworkMessageIDs::Handshake;
    uint32 EngineBuild;
    uint32 EngineProtocolVersion;
    uint32 GameProtocolVersion;
    byte Platform;
    byte Architecture;
    uint16 PayloadDataSize;
    });

PACK_STRUCT(struct NetworkMessageHandshakeReply
    {
    NetworkMessageIDs ID = NetworkMessageIDs::HandshakeReply;
    uint32 ClientId;
    int32 Result;
    });

void OnNetworkMessageHandshake(NetworkEvent& event, NetworkClient* client, NetworkPeer* peer)
{
    // Read client connection data
    NetworkMessageHandshake msgData;
    event.Message.ReadStructure(msgData);
    NetworkClientConnectionData connectionData;
    connectionData.Client = client;
    connectionData.Result = 0;
    connectionData.Platform = (PlatformType)msgData.Platform;
    connectionData.Architecture = (ArchitectureType)msgData.Architecture;
    connectionData.PayloadData.Resize(msgData.PayloadDataSize);
    event.Message.ReadBytes(connectionData.PayloadData.Get(), msgData.PayloadDataSize);
    if (msgData.EngineProtocolVersion != NETWORK_PROTOCOL_VERSION ||
        msgData.GameProtocolVersion != GameProtocolVersion)
    {
        connectionData.Result = 1; // Mismatching network protocol version
    }
    NetworkManager::ClientConnecting(connectionData); // Allow server to validate connection

    // Reply to the handshake message with a result
    NetworkMessageHandshakeReply replyData;
    replyData.Result = connectionData.Result;
    replyData.ClientId = client->ClientId;
    NetworkMessage msgReply = peer->BeginSendMessage();
    msgReply.WriteStructure(replyData);
    peer->EndSendMessage(NetworkChannelType::ReliableOrdered, msgReply, event.Sender);

    // Update client based on connection result
    if (connectionData.Result != 0)
    {
        LOG(Info, "Connection blocked with result {0} from client id={1}.", connectionData.Result, event.Sender.ConnectionId);
        client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnecting;
        peer->Disconnect(event.Sender);
        client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnected;
    }
    else
    {
        client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
        LOG(Info, "Client id={0} connected", event.Sender.ConnectionId);
        NetworkManager::ClientConnected(client);
        NetworkInternal::NetworkReplicatorClientConnected(client);
    }
}

void OnNetworkMessageHandshakeReply(NetworkEvent& event, NetworkClient* client, NetworkPeer* peer)
{
    ASSERT_LOW_LAYER(NetworkManager::IsClient());
    NetworkMessageHandshakeReply msgData;
    event.Message.ReadStructure(msgData);
    if (msgData.Result != 0)
    {
        // Server failed to connect with client
        // TODO: feed game with result from msgData.Result
        NetworkManager::Stop();
        return;
    }

    // Client got connected with server
    NetworkManager::LocalClientId = msgData.ClientId;
    NetworkManager::LocalClient->ClientId = msgData.ClientId;
    NetworkManager::LocalClient->State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
    NetworkManager::State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
    NetworkManager::StateChanged();
}

namespace
{
    // Network message handlers table
    void (*MessageHandlers[(int32)NetworkMessageIDs::MAX])(NetworkEvent&, NetworkClient*, NetworkPeer*) =
    {
        nullptr,
        OnNetworkMessageHandshake,
        OnNetworkMessageHandshakeReply,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectReplicate,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectReplicatePart,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectSpawn,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectDespawn,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectRole,
        NetworkInternal::OnNetworkMessageObjectRpc,
    };
}

class NetworkManagerService : public EngineService
{
public:
    NetworkManagerService()
        : EngineService(TEXT("Network Manager"), 1000)
    {
    }

    void Update() override;

    void Dispose() override
    {
        // Ensure to dispose any resources upon exiting
        NetworkManager::Stop();
    }
};

NetworkManagerService NetworkManagerServiceInstance;

bool StartPeer()
{
    PROFILE_CPU();
    ASSERT_LOW_LAYER(!NetworkManager::Peer);
    NetworkManager::State = NetworkConnectionState::Connecting;
    NetworkManager::StateChanged();
    const auto& settings = *NetworkSettings::Get();

    // Create Network Peer that will use underlying INetworkDriver to send messages over the network
    NetworkConfig networkConfig;
    if (NetworkManager::Mode == NetworkManagerMode::Client)
    {
        // Client
        networkConfig.Address = settings.Address;
        networkConfig.Port = settings.Port;
        networkConfig.ConnectionsLimit = 1;
    }
    else
    {
        // Server or Host
        networkConfig.Address = TEXT("any");
        networkConfig.Port = settings.Port;
        networkConfig.ConnectionsLimit = (uint16)settings.MaxClients;
    }
    const ScriptingTypeHandle networkDriverType = Scripting::FindScriptingType(settings.NetworkDriver);
    if (!networkDriverType)
    {
        LOG(Error, "Unknown Network Driver type {0}", String(settings.NetworkDriver));
        return true;
    }
    networkConfig.NetworkDriver = ScriptingObject::NewObject(networkDriverType);
    NetworkManager::Peer = NetworkPeer::CreatePeer(networkConfig);
    if (!NetworkManager::Peer)
    {
        LOG(Error, "Failed to create Network Peer at {0}:{1}", networkConfig.Address, networkConfig.Port);
        return true;
    }
    NetworkManager::Frame = 0;

    return false;
}

void StopPeer()
{
    if (!NetworkManager::Peer)
        return;
    PROFILE_CPU();
    if (NetworkManager::Mode == NetworkManagerMode::Client)
        NetworkManager::Peer->Disconnect();
    NetworkPeer::ShutdownPeer(NetworkManager::Peer);
    NetworkManager::Peer = nullptr;
}

void NetworkSettings::Apply()
{
    NetworkManager::NetworkFPS = NetworkFPS;
    GameProtocolVersion = ProtocolVersion;
}

NetworkClient::NetworkClient(uint32 id, NetworkConnection connection)
    : ScriptingObject(SpawnParams(Guid::New(), TypeInitializer))
    , ClientId(id)
    , Connection(connection)
    , State(NetworkConnectionState::Connecting)
{
}

NetworkClient* NetworkManager::GetClient(const NetworkConnection& connection)
{
    if (connection.ConnectionId == 0)
        return LocalClient;
    for (NetworkClient* client : Clients)
    {
        if (client->Connection == connection)
            return client;
    }
    return nullptr;
}

bool NetworkManager::StartServer()
{
    PROFILE_CPU();
    Stop();

    LOG(Info, "Starting network manager as server");
    Mode = NetworkManagerMode::Server;
    if (StartPeer())
        return true;
    if (!Peer->Listen())
    {
        Stop();
        return true;
    }
    LocalClientId = ServerClientId;
    NextClientId = ServerClientId + 1;

    State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
    StateChanged();
    return false;
}

bool NetworkManager::StartClient()
{
    PROFILE_CPU();
    Stop();

    LOG(Info, "Starting network manager as client");
    Mode = NetworkManagerMode::Client;
    if (StartPeer())
        return true;
    if (!Peer->Connect())
    {
        Stop();
        return true;
    }
    LocalClientId = 0; // Id gets assigned by server later after connection
    NextClientId = 0;
    LocalClient = New<NetworkClient>(LocalClientId, NetworkConnection{ 0 });

    return false;
}

bool NetworkManager::StartHost()
{
    PROFILE_CPU();
    Stop();

    LOG(Info, "Starting network manager as host");
    Mode = NetworkManagerMode::Host;
    if (StartPeer())
        return true;
    if (!Peer->Listen())
        return true;
    LocalClientId = ServerClientId;
    NextClientId = ServerClientId + 1;
    LocalClient = New<NetworkClient>(LocalClientId, NetworkConnection{ 0 });

    // Auto-connect host
    LocalClient->State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
    ClientConnected(LocalClient);

    State = NetworkConnectionState::Connected;
    StateChanged();
    return false;
}

void NetworkManager::Stop()
{
    SCRIPTING_EXPORT("FlaxEngine.Networking.NetworkManager::Internal_Stop");
    if (Mode == NetworkManagerMode::Offline && State == NetworkConnectionState::Offline)
        return;
    PROFILE_CPU();

    LOG(Info, "Stopping network manager");
    State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnecting;
    if (LocalClient)
        LocalClient->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnecting;
    for (NetworkClient* client : Clients)
        client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnecting;
    StateChanged();

    for (int32 i = Clients.Count() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        NetworkClient* client = Clients[i];
        ClientDisconnected(client);
        client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnected;
        Delete(client);
        Clients.RemoveAt(i);
    }
    if (Mode == NetworkManagerMode::Host && LocalClient)
    {
        ClientDisconnected(LocalClient);
        LocalClient->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnected;
    }
    NetworkInternal::NetworkReplicatorClear();
    StopPeer();
    if (LocalClient)
    {
        Delete(LocalClient);
        LocalClient = nullptr;
    }

    State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnected;
    Mode = NetworkManagerMode::Offline;
    StateChanged();
}

void NetworkManagerService::Update()
{
    const double currentTime = Time::Update.UnscaledTime.GetTotalSeconds();
    const float minDeltaTime = NetworkManager::NetworkFPS > 0 ? 1.0f / NetworkManager::NetworkFPS : 0.0f;
    auto peer = NetworkManager::Peer;
    if (NetworkManager::Mode == NetworkManagerMode::Offline || (float)(currentTime - LastUpdateTime) < minDeltaTime || !peer)
        return;
    PROFILE_CPU();
    LastUpdateTime = currentTime;
    NetworkManager::Frame++;
    NetworkInternal::NetworkReplicatorPreUpdate();
    // TODO: convert into TaskGraphSystems and use async jobs

    // Process network messages
    NetworkEvent event;
    while (peer->PopEvent(event))
    {
        switch (event.EventType)
        {
        case NetworkEventType::Connected:
            LOG(Info, "Incoming connection with Id={0}", event.Sender.ConnectionId);
            if (NetworkManager::IsClient())
            {
                // Initialize client connection data
                NetworkClientConnectionData connectionData;
                connectionData.Client = NetworkManager::LocalClient;
                connectionData.Result = 0;
                connectionData.Platform = PLATFORM_TYPE;
                connectionData.Architecture = PLATFORM_ARCH;
                NetworkManager::ClientConnecting(connectionData); // Allow client to validate connection or inject custom connection data
                if (connectionData.Result != 0)
                {
                    LOG(Info, "Connection blocked with result {0}.", connectionData.Result);
                    NetworkManager::Stop();
                    break;
                }

                // Send initial handshake message from client to server
                NetworkMessageHandshake msgData;
                msgData.EngineBuild = FLAXENGINE_VERSION_BUILD;
                msgData.EngineProtocolVersion = NETWORK_PROTOCOL_VERSION;
                msgData.GameProtocolVersion = GameProtocolVersion;
                msgData.Platform = (byte)connectionData.Platform;
                msgData.Architecture = (byte)connectionData.Architecture;
                msgData.PayloadDataSize = (uint16)connectionData.PayloadData.Count();
                NetworkMessage msg = peer->BeginSendMessage();
                msg.WriteStructure(msgData);
                msg.WriteBytes(connectionData.PayloadData.Get(), connectionData.PayloadData.Count());
                peer->EndSendMessage(NetworkChannelType::ReliableOrdered, msg);
            }
            else
            {
                // Create incoming client
                auto client = New<NetworkClient>(NextClientId++, event.Sender);
                NetworkManager::Clients.Add(client);
            }
            break;
        case NetworkEventType::Disconnected:
        case NetworkEventType::Timeout:
            LOG(Info, "{1} with Id={0}", event.Sender.ConnectionId, event.EventType == NetworkEventType::Disconnected ? TEXT("Disconnected") : TEXT("Disconnected on timeout"));
            if (NetworkManager::IsClient())
            {
                // Server disconnected from client
                NetworkManager::Stop();
                return;
            }
            else
            {
                // Client disconnected from server/host
                NetworkClient* client = NetworkManager::GetClient(event.Sender);
                if (!client)
                {
                    LOG(Error, "Unknown client");
                    break;
                }
                client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnecting;
                LOG(Info, "Client id={0} disconnected", event.Sender.ConnectionId);
                NetworkManager::Clients.RemoveKeepOrder(client);
                NetworkInternal::NetworkReplicatorClientDisconnected(client);
                NetworkManager::ClientDisconnected(client);
                client->State = NetworkConnectionState::Disconnected;
                Delete(client);
            }
            break;
        case NetworkEventType::Message:
            {
                // Process network message
                NetworkClient* client = NetworkManager::GetClient(event.Sender);
                if (!client && NetworkManager::Mode != NetworkManagerMode::Client)
                {
                    LOG(Error, "Unknown client");
                    break;
                }
                uint8 id = *event.Message.Buffer;
                if (id < (uint8)NetworkMessageIDs::MAX)
                {
                    MessageHandlers[id](event, client, peer);
                }
                else
                {
                    LOG(Warning, "Unknown message id={0} from connection {1}", id, event.Sender.ConnectionId);
                }
            }
            peer->RecycleMessage(event.Message);
            break;
        }
    }

    // Update replication
    NetworkInternal::NetworkReplicatorUpdate();
}